BP artificial neural network based on genetic algorithm training method was proposed in this paper to solving Renminbi (RMB) number recognition and artificial neural network BP algorithm problems in order to satisfy the technical requirements of financial sector sorter. The BP artificial neural network based on genetic algorithm training method combined the global search ability of genetic algorithm and local search ability of BP algorithm. Genetic operators such as selection, crossover and mutation were studied and chosen according to the object. Experiments show that RMB number recognition based on genetic algorithm and BP artificial neural network improves recognition accuracy and speed, and provide a new means of RMB number recognition.